Part · Power Bills

A guaranteed return on the wires you built.

An electricity network is a natural monopoly — you cannot choose a rival set of poles and wires. So the owner is paid a regulated, CPI-adjusted return on the total value of the grid, collected from every customer, every quarter, no matter what. NSW leased that machine on 99-year terms for tens of billions. The public built the grid; the private and super-fund owners now collect the rent.

The sale: 99 years, tens of billions

Between 2015 and 2017, NSW handed long-term control of its transmission and distribution networks to private and pension-fund consortiums on 99-year leases. These are the poles, wires, towers and substations that carry electricity to every home in the state.

NSW networkWhat it isSold (99-yr lease)Headline price
TransGridHigh-voltage transmission2015$10.258bn
Ausgrid (50.4%)Sydney/Hunter distribution2016~$16.2bn
Endeavour Energy (50.4%)Greater West / Illawarra distribution2017~$7.6bn

The TransGrid figure of $10.258 billion is the official number (usually rounded to $10.3bn). Ausgrid's 50.4% went to the IFM Investors / AustralianSuper consortium for about $16.2 billion after foreign bidders were blocked on national-security grounds. Endeavour's 50.4% went for about $7.6 billion to a consortium led by Macquarie (MIRA, ~30%), with AMP Capital/REST, Canada's BCIMC and the Qatar Investment Authority. verified Ausgrid/Endeavour prices ~approx

Sources: NSW Government — $10.258 billion TransGrid lease; Parliament of Australia — Foreign Investment Review (Ausgrid consortium). Endeavour consortium composition (Macquarie/MIRA ~30%, AMP Capital/REST, BCIMC, Qatar Investment Authority) as reported at the 2017 lease. Distribution prices are for 50.4% stakes and are approximate.

The mechanism: a regulated monopoly with a guaranteed return

This is the single most important thing to understand about your power bill. Networks don't compete on price — they can't, because you have exactly one grid. Instead a regulator sets what they are allowed to earn, and the formula is built to guarantee a return.

RAB × rate of return
A network is paid a CPI-adjusted, regulated rate of return on its Regulated Asset Base (RAB) — the total value of the poles, wires and substations installed — as set by the Australian Energy Regulator (AER). The bigger the RAB, the more revenue it is allowed to collect from customers.

That is the whole game. The owner's income doesn't rise because it served you better or won more customers; it rises because the asset base is larger and the regulator lets it recover a return on every dollar of it. A larger RAB is, quite literally, a bigger bill. verified

Why this is the perfect asset for a pension fund Take a monopoly no one can bypass, add a regulator-guaranteed return that adjusts with inflation, and you have manufactured a bond with a return protected against inflation — a long, stable, government-underwritten income stream. That is exactly why super funds and sovereign wealth funds queued up to buy the wires. Not to run a business. To own the rent.

Source: Australian Energy Regulator — network revenue and pricing determinations; the RAB and regulated rate-of-return framework is set out in the AER's electricity network determinations. The mechanism (revenue = regulated return on the Regulated Asset Base) is standard and well established.

"Gold-plating" — and the honest version of the story

You will hear that privatisation caused "gold-plating" — wasteful over-building of poles and wires that inflated bills. It's worth getting this exactly right, because the sloppy version is wrong and the accurate version is actually worse.

Gold-plating was real: networks over-invested in infrastructure, which inflated the RAB and therefore network charges. In a 2015 determination the AER told NSW distributors their spending proposals were about 50% higher than justified. The Grattan Institute went further and called for a write-down of the RAB to cut tariffs — an admission the asset base had been pumped up beyond what customers should have to pay for. verified

The nuance most commentary gets wrong The gold-plating era largely predated the privatisations. Much of the over-building happened while the networks were still state-owned. So privatisation did not cause the gold-plating. What it did was lock in the inflated RAB and its guaranteed regulated-return income stream — then hand that stream to private and super-fund owners on a 99-year lease. The public over-built the asset; the sale privatised the reward for having done so. contested — timing & causation disputed interpretation, not a settled figure

Sources: RenewEconomy — AER slaps down networks on gold-plating (~50% over); The Conversation — bringing an end to electricity network gold-plating; RAB write-down proposal via the Grattan Institute. Whether privatisation caused or merely locked in the inflated asset base is contested; the honest reading is that the over-investment largely preceded the sales.

Where your bill actually goes

If networks are a monopoly on a guaranteed return, how much of what you pay flows to them? For a NSW household, more than to anyone else.

~40–45%
Network costs — the poles, wires and the regulated return on them — are the largest single component of a typical NSW residential electricity bill. Wholesale (the actual electricity) is roughly 25–30%; the rest is retail costs, metering, environmental schemes and margin.

Read that again. The biggest slice of your power bill is not the electricity. It's the network charge — the toll for using the monopoly wires — and that charge is calibrated to deliver the owner a guaranteed return on an asset base you helped inflate and then sold. verified shares vary by year & network

Source: bill-component breakdowns published by the AER and the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC) residential price trends work. Network share of ~40–45% and wholesale ~25–30% are approximate and move year to year and between distribution zones.

The loop: you pay a rising charge to an asset your super part-owns

Here is where this page connects to the whole thesis of the site. Follow the money out of your bill and, for a huge number of Australians, it arrives back at their own retirement account.

Public builds the gridstate-owned poles & wires 99-year leasesold 2015–2017 Guaranteed returnregulated % of the RAB You pay the network chargebiggest slice of the bill Your super collects itIFM / AustralianSuper

IFM Investors is owned by roughly 16 Australian industry super funds. So about half of Ausgrid is owned, indirectly, by workers' own compulsory superannuation — and AustralianSuper sits in the same Ausgrid consortium directly. The result is a closed loop: you pay a rising network charge, set to deliver a guaranteed return, on a monopoly asset that your own retirement fund part-owns. You paid tax to build the grid, you pay a network charge to use it, and you pay a fund fee to own a slice of it. That loop gets its own page → verified

This is not a conspiracy — it's a design Nobody is hiding it. A regulated monopoly with an inflation-linked guaranteed return is exactly the long-dated, low-risk asset a pension fund is supposed to hold. The point isn't that it's secret. The point is that "privatisation" here didn't create competition or lower prices — it converted a public service into a guaranteed private income stream and then sold that stream, in part, back to the public whose bills fund it.

Source: IFM Investors is collectively owned by ~16 Australian industry super funds (IFM corporate ownership disclosures); AustralianSuper's direct participation in the Ausgrid consortium per the 2016 lease. See the superannuation page for the fund-ownership chain.

The bit that isn't a power company at all

Strip away the substations and a privatised electricity network looks a lot like the toll road: a long-dated, inflation-protected, regulator-guaranteed income stream — a bond that happens to have wires attached. The RAB is the face value; the regulated return is the coupon; the 99-year lease is the maturity. That's why the buyers were pension and sovereign funds, not electricity innovators. The public built the bond, inflated its face value, and then leased it out for a century.

Cross-references: Your own money · The sell-off · The inflation machine · The ledger. Citations on Sources.